![]() ![]() The relationship that Gibbs found between \(C\), \(P\), and \(F\) is called Gibbs’ phase rule or just the phase rule. The number of phases is given the symbol \(P\). ![]() The number of components is the smallest number of pure chemical compounds that we can use to prepare the equilibrium system so that it contains an arbitrary amount of each phase. The number of chemical constituents is called the number of components and is given the symbol \(C\). By specifying \(F\) intensive variables, we can specify the state of the system-except for the amount of each phase. This number is called the number of degrees of freedom available to the system and is given the symbol \(F\). Gibbs found an important relationship among the number of chemical constituents, the number of phases present, and the number of intensive variables that must be specified in order to characterize an equilibrium system. ![]()
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